In addition, this article provides future perspectives on finishing processes and a view into the process selection based on the component complexity and cost.Īdditive manufacturing (AM) processes can produce three-dimensional (3D) near-net-shape parts based on computer-aided design (CAD) models. Surface integrity, for example, is controlled by experimental factors that are revealed first, followed by various researchers choosing acceptable input parameters to achieve the low surface roughness. In this review study, the mechanisms of various chemical and electrochemical based finishing processes are explained first, followed by the current state of the finishing processes of additively manufactured components. However, a lack of understanding of the fundamental mechanisms governing these finishing processes may limit their practical uses in areas like aerospace, automobiles, and defense. Chemical based finishing processes for additively manufactured parts have been developed by the researchers because it is a noncontact and automatic finishing process. As a result, the finishing processes are required for additively manufactured components to reduce the surface roughness.
The surface roughness of complex cooling channels, for example, affects the formation of boundary layers, partial liquid flow, and heat transfer coefficients. The complex components manufactured by this technique have a high surface roughness, which reduces fatigue strength, influences the wear of mating components, reduces the cooling efficiency of complex cooling channels, and so on.
Moreover, although most of post-processing methods are conducted using single finishing processes, AM parts can be finished with hybrid successive processes to reap the benefits of different post-processing techniques and overcome the limitation of individual process.Īdditive manufacturing is an emerging technique for manufacturing complex shapes rather than traditional manufacturing procedures due to the tool free manufacturing method. However, it was found that, in general, most mechanical abrasion processes lack the ability to finish complex parts. Among the mechanical abrasion methods, abrasive flow finishing shows optimum results in terms of its ability to finish complicated freeform cavities with improved accuracy for both polymer and metal parts. Laser finishing, on the other hand, cannot be used to finish intricate internal surfaces. It was found that chemical finishing significantly reduces surface roughness and can be used to finish parts with complicated geometry. The techniques were divided according to the materials they applied to and the material removal mechanism. The main objective was to analyze the finishing processes in terms of their ability to finish complicated surfaces and their performance were expressed as average surface roughness (Sa and Ra). Therefore, in this paper, common post-processing techniques for additive manufactured (AM) parts were examined. However, additive manufacturing comes with its inherent process characteristics of high surface roughness, which in turn effect fatigue strength as well as residual stresses. Due to these tool-free techniques, complex shape manufacturing becomes much more convenient in comparison to traditional machining. The book concludes with a chapter on the future trends in chemical finishing.Chemical finishing of textiles is an essential reference for all academic and industrial textile chemists and for those studying textile education programmes.The traditional manufacturing industry has been revolutionized with the introduction of additive manufacturing which is based on layer-by-layer manufacturing.
Within each chapter, sections include an introduction, mechanisms, chemistries, applications, evaluations and troubleshooting. In one comprehensive book, Chemical finishing of textiles details the fundamentals of final chemical finishing, covering the range of effects that result from the interplay between chemical structures and finishing products.After an introductory chapter covering the importance of chemical finishing, the following chapters focus on particular finishing techniques, from softening, easy-care and permanent press, non-slip and soil-release, to flame-retardant, antistatic and antimicrobial.
The role of the textile finisher has become increasingly demanding, and now requires a careful balance between the compatibility of different finishing products and treatments and the application processes used to provide textiles with desirable properties.